TRANSFORMATION OF THE PRISON EXPERIENCE IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 19TH CENTURY. ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHERSON GOVERNANCE

This study analyzes changes in prison legislation and practice the Russian Empire 1820s. Changes that have taken place at legislative level reflected acceptance of view deprivation liberty as a measure correction. The correct organization life, proposed by Committee on Prisons, established emperor 1819, was supposed to lead prisoners repentance During this period, state assumed all costs maintaining prisoners, began active construction new prisons, contributed charitable societies cared about situation prisoners. However, along with philanthropic vision development penitentiary system period under study, utilitarian one also appears. second direction embodied creation prisoner companies, including cities southern Ukraine. To better understand pace change impact laws, we analyzed series reports governors mayors sent 1830 Odessa Board Trustees, 1828 Governor-General Mikhail Vorontsov. We seen that, despite prisons region, internal life routine them not changed much. greatest success achieved division type crime, well separation women from men. In those cases when members advised take care material conditions detention, often met misunderstanding unwillingness part local administration. Another problem without which it impossible succeed transforming experience criminals is lack money for improvement prisons. Thus, high cost project reforming business led emergence spread, first South Ukraine, then throughout state, civilian companies